Nepal’s geography is uniquely dramatic. The country rises from the Terai plains, barely 70 meters above sea level, to the world’s highest point — Mount Everest (8,848.86 m). This vertical contrast within just 200 kilometers makes Nepal one of the most geologically diverse places on Earth. The Himalayas dominate the northern region, offering stunning views and trekking opportunities, while the middle hills and valleys contain fertile land and ancient cities. The southern lowlands are covered in lush forests and home to rare wildlife like Bengal tigers and one-horned rhinoceroses.
Nepal covers an area of 147,516 square kilometers and has a population of around 30 million people. The country has three main regions: the flat Terai plains in the south, the hilly region in the middle, and the high Himalayas in the north. This includes Mount Everest, the world’s tallest mountain.
Nepal uses a time zone of GMT +5:45, which is unique in the world. This specific time offset was chosen to match Nepal’s central longitude and sets it apart from neighboring countries.
Even though Nepal is small and doesn't have access to the sea, its location between India and China gives it both opportunities and challenges in trade, travel, and politics.The official currency is the Nepalese Rupee (NPR). Here's today's exchange rate for major global currencies. Rates are automatically updated daily from Nepal Rastra Bank, Nepal’s central monetary authority.
👥 Demographics & Languages
Nepal is home to more than 125 ethnic groups and over 120 languages, making it one of the most ethnically and linguistically diverse countries in the world. The largest groups include Chhetri, Brahmin, Magar, Tharu, Tamang, and Newar. The official language is Nepali, but many regional and indigenous languages such as Maithili, Bhojpuri, and Tharu are widely spoken. Despite this diversity, Nepal has a strong sense of national identity and cultural unity.
🎎 Culture & Traditions
Nepalese culture is a rich blend of ancient Hindu and Buddhist traditions, shaped by centuries of peaceful coexistence. From vibrant festivals like Dashain, Tihar, and Holi, to the sacred rituals performed at temples and stupas, spirituality is woven into daily life. Family, respect for elders, and community values are central to Nepalese society. Art, music, and handicrafts — especially wood carving, thangka painting, and pottery — are integral to cultural expression.
🕌 Religion & Spiritual Life
Hinduism is followed by roughly 81% of the population, while about 9% are Buddhists — many of whom blend both traditions. Nepal is the birthplace of Lord Buddha (born in Lumbini), and has been a spiritual destination for centuries. Sacred sites like Pashupatinath Temple, Swayambhunath (Monkey Temple), and Boudhanath Stupa are not only places of worship but also UNESCO World Heritage Sites that reflect the deep religiosity of the people.
🏞️ Tourism & Adventure
Nepal is a top destination for trekking, mountaineering, and cultural tourism. The Everest Base Camp and Annapurna Circuit are world-famous routes. Beyond trekking, Nepal offers whitewater rafting, paragliding, bungee jumping, and wildlife safaris. Cities like Kathmandu, Bhaktapur, and Patan showcase centuries-old palaces and temples, while Pokhara offers lakeside relaxation with breathtaking mountain views. Nepal's hospitality and warmth leave a lasting impression on every traveler.
🌾 Economy & Lifestyle
Nepal’s economy is largely agrarian, with many people engaged in farming. In recent years, tourism and remittances from Nepalese working abroad have become major contributors to the GDP. Life in rural areas is simple and community-based, while urban areas are rapidly modernizing. Despite economic challenges, the resilience and friendliness of the people remain defining characteristics of Nepalese life.
🐅 Nature & Biodiversity
Nepal is home to some of the rarest species in the world. The Chitwan and Bardia National Parks protect endangered animals like the Bengal tiger, one-horned rhino, and Asian elephant. The Sagarmatha National Park and Annapurna Conservation Area preserve alpine ecosystems, glaciers, and snow leopards. Birdwatchers and nature lovers find Nepal a paradise, with over 870 species of birds recorded.
🕰️ History & Heritage
Nepal has a long and independent history. It was never colonized, which helped preserve its rich heritage. Ancient kingdoms like the Malla and Lichhavi built artistic marvels still visible today. The unification of Nepal in the 18th century by King Prithvi Narayan Shah laid the foundation for the modern nation-state. Its political history includes transitioning from monarchy to democracy and, more recently, to a federal republic.
📚 Education & Youth
Education in Nepal has improved significantly in recent decades, with increasing literacy rates and growing access to higher education. Kathmandu is the academic hub, with many schools and universities. Young people in Nepal are increasingly involved in technology, entrepreneurship, and social change, bringing fresh energy to the country’s future.